Ingcebiso ivela kuMat Cutull, uprofesa oncedisayo wesayensi yokhula lwezityalo kwiClemson Coastal Research and Education Centre.UCutulle nabanye abaphandi bezolimo babonise iindlela “zokulawula ukhula ngokudibeneyo” kwindibano yocweyo yakutshanje eClemson Madron Convention Centre kunye neFama yeOrganic yaBafundi.
Ukhula lukhuphisana nezityalo ngezondlo zomhlaba, lubangela i-32 yeebhiliyoni zeedola kwilahleko yezityalo ngonyaka, utshilo uCutulle.Ukutshatyalaliswa kokhula okusebenzayo kuqala xa abalimi beqaphela ixesha elingenalo ukhula, ixesha elibalulekileyo kwixesha lokukhula xa ukhula lubangela ilahleko enkulu yezityalo, utsho.
“Eli xesha linokwahluka kakhulu ngokuxhomekeka kwisityalo, indlela esikhuliswa ngayo (imbewu okanye ukutshintshwa), kunye neentlobo zokhula ezikhoyo,” utshilo uCutulle."Ixesha elibalulekileyo lokungakhuli liya kuba ziiveki ezintandathu, kodwa kwakhona, oku kunokwahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwisityalo kunye nokhula olukhoyo."
Ixesha lokuKhula eliBalulekileyo lithuba lexesha lokukhula xa ukugcina isityalo singenakhula kubalulekile kubalimi ukuze bandise isakhono sesivuno.Emva kweli xesha linzima, abalimi kufuneka bagxininise ekuthinteleni imbewu yokhula.Abalimi banokukwenza oku ngokuyeka imbewu intshule baze bayibulale, okanye banokunqanda ukuntshula baze balinde ukuba imbewu ife okanye ityiwe zizilwanyana ezitya imbewu.
Enye indlela kukwenza umhlaba ube solarization, nto leyo equka ukusebenzisa ubushushu obuveliswa lilanga ukuze kulawuleke izinambuzane ezitshabalalisa umhlaba.Oku kuphunyezwa ngokugquma umhlaba ngethala yeplastiki ecacileyo ngamaxesha onyaka ashushu xa umhlaba uya kuchanabeka kwilanga elithe ngqo ukuya kutsho kwiiveki ezintandathu.Itarp yeplastiki ifudumeza umaleko ongaphezulu womhlaba oziintshizi ezili-12 ukuya kwi-18 ubukhulu kwaye ibulala iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinambuzane ezitshabalalisayo eziquka ukhula, izifo zezityalo, iinematodes kunye nezinambuzane.
Ukugqunywa komhlaba kungaphucula impilo yomhlaba ngokukhawulezisa ukubola kwezinto eziphilayo kunye nokwandisa ukufumaneka kwenitrogen kunye nezinye izondlo kwizityalo ezikhulayo, kunye nokuguqula ngokunenzuzo uluntu lwezilwanyana zomhlaba (iibhaktheriya kunye nokungunda okuchaphazela impilo yomhlaba kwaye ekugqibeleni kwimpilo yezityalo) .
I-Anaerobic soil disinsection yenye indlela engeyoyekhemikhali kusetyenziso lweziqhumiso kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukulawula uluhlu olubanzi lweentsholongwane ezifumaneka emhlabeni kunye ne-nematodes.Le yinkqubo enamanyathelo amathathu ebandakanya ukongeza umthombo wekhabhoni emhlabeni obonelela ngezondlo kwiintsholongwane eziluncedo emhlabeni.Umhlaba ke unkcenkceshelwa ukuba ugcwale kwaye ugqunywe ngesigcina-kufuma seplastiki kangangeeveki ezininzi.Ngexesha lokubulala iintshulube, ioksijini emhlabeni iyaphela kwaye iimveliso ezinetyhefu zibulala iintsholongwane ezifumaneka emhlabeni.
Ukusebenzisa izityalo zokugquma ekuqaleni kwexesha lonyaka ukucinezela ukhula kunokuba luncedo, kodwa ukubulala yeyona nto iphambili, utshilo uJeff Zender, umlawuli wenkqubo kaClemson kwezolimo oluzinzileyo.
“Abalimi bemifuno abatyali izityalo ezigqumayo ngenxa yemicimbi yolawulo, kuquka elona xesha lilungileyo lokutyala izityalo zokusitha ngeyona ndlela isebenzayo,” utshilo uZender.Ukuba awutyalanga ngexesha elifanelekileyo, usenokungabi nayo i-biomass eyaneleyo, ke xa uyiqengqeleka, ayizukusebenza kangako ekucinezeleni ukhula.Ixesha libalulekile.”
Ezona zityalo zokusitha ziphumelele kakhulu ziquka i-crimson clover, i-rye yasebusika, ibhali yasebusika, i-spring barley, i-spring oats, i-buckwheat, i-millet, i-hemp, i-oats emnyama, i-vetch, i-ertyisi kunye nengqolowa yasebusika.
Zininzi iimulchi zokucinezela ukhula kwimarike namhlanje.Ukufumana ulwazi malunga nokutshatyalaliswa kokhula ngokutyala kunye nokugquma, bona iZiko leNgcaciso yeKhaya laseClemson kunye neGarden 1253 kunye/okanye i-HGIC 1604.
Cutulle kunye nabanye eClemson Coastal REC, kunye nabaphandi kwifama ephilayo yabafundi bakaClemson, baphonononga ezinye iindlela zokulawula ukhula, kubandakanya ukusebenzisa initrogen engamanzi ukukhenkcisa ukhula oluvulekileyo ngaphambi kokulubulala kunye nokuqengqeleka kwezityalo zokugquma ngerola.Ulawulo lokhula olunobushushu obuphantsi.
"Abalimi kufuneka baqonde ukhula - ukuchongwa, i-biology, njl. - ukuze bakwazi ukulawula iifama zabo kwaye baphephe iingxaki zokhula kwizityalo zabo," watsho.
Abalimi kunye nabalimi begadi banokuchonga ukhula besebenzisa i-Clemson Weed ID kunye newebhusayithi yeBiology eyenziwe ngumncedisi welebhu yeCoastal REC uMarcellus Washington.
I-Clemson News ngumthombo wamabali kunye neendaba malunga nokutsha, uphando kunye nempumelelo yentsapho yaseClemson.
Ixesha lokuposa: Apr-16-2023